Westminster Larger Catechism (1647), Westminster Assembly

Question 70

What is justification?

Justification is an act of God’s free grace unto sinners,a in which he pardoneth all their sins, accepteth and accounteth their persons righteous in his sight;b not for any thing wrought in them, or done by them,c but only for the perfect obedience and full satisfaction of Christ, by God imputed to them,d and received by faith alone.e

What is justification?

Justification is an act of God’s free grace unto sinners,a in which he pardons all their sins, accepts and accounts their persons righteous in his sight;b not for any thing wrought in them, or done by them,c but only for the perfect obedience and full satisfaction of Christ, by God imputed to them,d and received by faith alone.e

  1. a. Romans 3:22, 24–25; 4:5

    Romans 3:22; Romans 3:24–25

    3:22 Even the righteousness of God which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference: 3:24 Being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus: 3:25 Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God;

    3:22 And this righteousness from God comes through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe. There is no distinction, 3:24 and are justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus. 3:25 God presented Him as the atoning sacrifice through faith in His blood, in order to demonstrate His righteousness, because in His forbearance He had passed over the sins committed beforehand.

    Romans 4:5

    4:5 But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness.

    4:5 However, to the one who does not work, but believes in Him who justifies the wicked, his faith is credited as righteousness.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  2. b. 2 Corinthians 5:19, 21; Romans 3:22, 24–25, 27–28

    2 Corinthians 5:19; 2 Corinthians 5:21

    5:19 To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them; and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation. 5:21 For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.

    5:19 that God was reconciling the world to Himself in Christ, not counting men's trespasses against them. And He has committed to us the message of reconciliation. 5:21 God made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of God.

    Romans 3:22; Romans 3:24–25; Romans 3:27–28

    3:22 Even the righteousness of God which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference: 3:24 Being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus: 3:25 Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God; 3:27 Where is boasting then? It is excluded. By what law? of works? Nay: but by the law of faith. 3:28 Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law.

    3:22 And this righteousness from God comes through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe. There is no distinction, 3:24 and are justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus. 3:25 God presented Him as the atoning sacrifice through faith in His blood, in order to demonstrate His righteousness, because in His forbearance He had passed over the sins committed beforehand. 3:27 Where, then, is boasting? It is excluded. On what principle? On that of works? No, but on that of faith. 3:28 For we maintain that a man is justified by faith apart from works of the law.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  3. c. Titus 3:5, 7; Ephesians 1:7

    Titus 3:5; Titus 3:7

    3:5 Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost; 3:7 That being justified by his grace, we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life.

    3:5 He saved us, not by the righteous deeds we had done, but according to His mercy, through the washing of new birth and renewal by the Holy Spirit. 3:7 so that, having been justified by His grace, we would become heirs with the hope of eternal life.

    Ephesians 1:7

    1:7 In whom we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of sins, according to the riches of his grace;

    1:7 In Him we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of His grace

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  4. d. Romans 5:17–19; 4:6–8

    Romans 5:17–19

    5:17 For if by one man’s offence death reigned by one; much more they which receive abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness shall reign in life by one, Jesus Christ.) 5:18 Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life. 5:19 For as by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.

    5:17 For if, by the trespass of the one man, death reigned through that one man, how much more will those who receive an abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man, Jesus Christ! 5:18 So then, just as one trespass brought condemnation for all men, so also one act of righteousness brought justification and life for all men. 5:19 For just as through the disobedience of the one man the many were made sinners, so also through the obedience of the one man the many will be made righteous.

    Romans 4:6–8

    4:6 Even as David also describeth the blessedness of the man, unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works, 4:7 Saying, Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered. 4:8 Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute sin.

    4:6 And David speaks likewise of the blessedness of the man to whom God credits righteousness apart from works: 4:7 "Blessed are they whose lawless acts are forgiven, whose sins are covered. 4:8 Blessed is the man whose sin the Lord will never count against him."

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  5. e. Acts 10:43; Galatians 2:16; Philippians 3:9

    Acts 10:43

    10:43 To him give all the prophets witness, that through his name whosoever believeth in him shall receive remission of sins.

    10:43 All the prophets testify about Him that everyone who believes in Him receives forgiveness of sins through His name."

    Galatians 2:16

    2:16 Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that we might be justified by the faith of Christ, and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified.

    2:16 know that a man is not justified by works of the law, but by faith in Jesus Christ. So we, too, have believed in Christ Jesus, that we may be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.

    Philippians 3:9

    3:9 And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith:

    3:9 and be found in Him, not having my own righteousness from the law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God on the basis of faith.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

Related (2)

The Baptist Catechism (1695), parallel to this question

Question 36

What is justification?

Justification is an act of God’s free grace, wherein he pardoneth all our sins, and accepteth us as righteous in his sight, only for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us, and received by faith alone.

Westminster Shorter Catechism (1647), parallel to this question

Question 33

What is justification?

Justification is an act of God’s free grace, wherein he pardoneth all our sins and accepteth us as righteous in his sight only for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us and received by faith alone.

Commentaries (9)