Question 175
What is the duty of Christians, after they have received the sacrament of the Lord’s supper?
The duty of Christians, after they have received the sacrament of the Lord’s supper, is seriously to consider how they have behaved themselves therein, and with what success;a if they find quickening and comfort, to bless God for it,b beg the continuance of it,c watch against relapses,d fulfil their vows,e and encourage themselves to a frequent attendance on that ordinance:f but if they find no present benefit, more exactly to review their preparation to, and carriage at, the sacrament;g in both which, if they can approve themselves to God and their own consciences, they are to wait for the fruit of it in due time:h but, if they see they have failed in either, they are to be humbled,i and to attend upon it afterwards with more care and diligence.j
What is the duty of Christians, after they have received the sacrament of the Lord’s supper?
The duty of Christians, after they have received the sacrament of the Lord’s supper, is seriously to consider how they have behaved themselves therein, and with what success;a if they find quickening and comfort, to bless God for it,b beg the continuance of it,c watch against relapses,d fulfill their vows,e and encourage themselves to a frequent attendance on that ordinance:f but if they find no present benefit, more exactly to review their preparation to, and carriage at, the sacrament;g in both which, if they can approve themselves to God and their own consciences, they are to wait for the fruit of it in due time:h but, if they see they have failed in either, they are to be humbled,i and to attend upon it afterwards with more care and diligence.j
a. Psalm 28:7; 1 Corinthians 11:17, 30–31
Psalm 28:7
28:7 The Lord is my strength and my shield; my heart trusted in him, and I am helped: therefore my heart greatly rejoiceth; and with my song will I praise him.
28:7 The LORD is my strength and my shield; my heart trusts in Him, and I am helped. Therefore my heart rejoices, and I give thanks to Him with my song.
1 Corinthians 11:17; 1 Corinthians 11:30–31
11:17 Now in this that I declare unto you I praise you not, that ye come together not for the better, but for the worse. 11:30 For this cause many are weak and sickly among you, and many sleep. 11:31 For if we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged.
11:17 In the following instructions I have no praise to offer, because your gatherings do more harm than good. 11:30 That is why many among you are weak and sick, and a number of you have fallen asleep. 11:31 Now if we judged ourselves properly, we would not come under judgment.
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b. 2 Chronicles 30:21–23, 25–26; Acts 2:42, 46–47
2 Chronicles 30:21–23; 2 Chronicles 30:25–26
30:21 And the children of Israel that were present at Jerusalem kept the feast of unleavened bread seven days with great gladness: and the Levites and the priests praised the Lord day by day, singing with loud instruments unto the Lord. 30:22 And Hezekiah spake comfortably unto all the Levites that taught the good knowledge of the Lord: and they did eat throughout the feast seven days, offering peace offerings, and making confession to the Lord God of their fathers. 30:23 And the whole assembly took counsel to keep other seven days: and they kept other seven days with gladness. 30:25 And all the congregation of Judah, with the priests and the Levites, and all the congregation that came out of Israel, and the strangers that came out of the land of Israel, and that dwelt in Judah, rejoiced. 30:26 So there was great joy in Jerusalem: for since the time of Solomon the son of David king of Israel there was not the like in Jerusalem.
30:21 The Israelites who were present in Jerusalem celebrated the Feast of Unleavened Bread for seven days with great joy, and the Levites and priests praised the LORD day after day, accompanied by loud instruments of praise to the LORD. 30:22 And Hezekiah encouraged all the Levites who performed skillfully before the LORD. For seven days they ate their assigned portion, sacrificing fellowship offerings and giving thanks to the LORD, the God of their fathers. 30:23 The whole assembly agreed to observe seven more days, so they observed seven days with joy. 30:25 Then the whole assembly of Judah rejoiced along with the priests and Levites and the whole assembly that had come from Israel, including the foreigners who had come from Israel and those who lived in Judah. 30:26 So there was great rejoicing in Jerusalem, for nothing like this had happened there since the days of Solomon son of David king of Israel.
Acts 2:42; Acts 2:46–47
2:42 And they continued stedfastly in the apostles’ doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers. 2:46 And they, continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart, 2:47 Praising God, and having favour with all the people. And the Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved.
2:42 They devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and to the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer. 2:46 With one accord they continued to meet daily in the temple courts and to break bread from house to house, sharing their meals with gladness and sincerity of heart, 2:47 praising God and enjoying the favor of all the people. And the Lord added to their number daily those who were being saved.
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c. Psalm 36:10; Song of Solomon 3:4; 1 Chronicles 29:18
Psalm 36:10
36:10 O continue thy lovingkindness unto them that know thee; and thy righteousness to the upright in heart.
36:10 Extend Your loving devotion to those who know You, and Your righteousness to the upright in heart.
Song of Solomon 3:4
3:4 It was but a little that I passed from them, but I found him whom my soul loveth: I held him, and would not let him go, until I had brought him into my mother’s house, and into the chamber of her that conceived me.
3:4 I had just passed them when I found the one I love. I held him and would not let go until I had brought him to my mother's house, to the chamber of the one who conceived me.
1 Chronicles 29:18
29:18 O Lord God of Abraham, Isaac, and of Israel, our fathers, keep this for ever in the imagination of the thoughts of the heart of thy people, and prepare their heart unto thee:
29:18 O LORD, God of our fathers Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, keep this desire forever in the intentions of the hearts of Your people, and direct their hearts toward You.
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d. 1 Corinthians 10:3–5, 12
1 Corinthians 10:3–5; 1 Corinthians 10:12
10:3 And did all eat the same spiritual meat; 10:4 And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ. 10:5 But with many of them God was not well pleased: for they were overthrown in the wilderness. 10:12 Wherefore let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall.
10:3 They all ate the same spiritual food 10:4 and drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank from the spiritual rock that accompanied them, and that rock was Christ. 10:5 Nevertheless, God was not pleased with most of them, for they were struck down in the wilderness. 10:12 So the one who thinks he is standing firm should be careful not to fall.
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e. Psalm 50:14
Psalm 50:14
50:14 Offer unto God thanksgiving; and pay thy vows unto the most High:
50:14 Sacrifice a thank offering to God, and fulfill your vows to the Most High.
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f. 1 Corinthians 11:25–26; Acts 2:42, 46
1 Corinthians 11:25–26
11:25 After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me. 11:26 For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord’s death till he come.
11:25 In the same way, after supper He took the cup, saying, "This cup is the new covenant in My blood; do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me." 11:26 For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until He comes.
Acts 2:42; Acts 2:46
2:42 And they continued stedfastly in the apostles’ doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers. 2:46 And they, continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart,
2:42 They devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and to the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer. 2:46 With one accord they continued to meet daily in the temple courts and to break bread from house to house, sharing their meals with gladness and sincerity of heart,
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g. Song of Solomon 5:1–6; Ecclesiastes 5:1–6
Song of Solomon 5:1–6
5:1 I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved. 5:2 I sleep, but my heart waketh: it is the voice of my beloved that knocketh, saying, Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled: for my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night. 5:3 I have put off my coat; how shall I put it on? I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them? 5:4 My beloved put in his hand by the hole of the door, and my bowels were moved for him. 5:5 I rose up to open to my beloved; and my hands dropped with myrrh, and my fingers with sweet smelling myrrh, upon the handles of the lock. 5:6 I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.
5:1 I have come to my garden, my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my spice. I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends, and drink; drink freely, O beloved. 5:2 I sleep, but my heart is awake. A sound! My beloved is knocking: "Open to me, my sister, my darling, my dove, my flawless one. My head is drenched with dew, my hair with the dampness of the night." 5:3 I have taken off my robe-must I put it back on? I have washed my feet-must I soil them again? 5:4 My beloved put his hand to the latch; my heart pounded for him. 5:5 I rose up to open for my beloved. My hands dripped with myrrh, my fingers with flowing myrrh on the handles of the bolt. 5:6 I opened for my beloved, but he had turned and gone. My heart sank at his departure. I sought him, but did not find him. I called, but he did not answer.
Ecclesiastes 5:1–6
5:1 Keep thy foot when thou goest to the house of God, and be more ready to hear, than to give the sacrifice of fools: for they consider not that they do evil. 5:2 Be not rash with thy mouth, and let not thine heart be hasty to utter any thing before God: for God is in heaven, and thou upon earth: therefore let thy words be few. 5:3 For a dream cometh through the multitude of business; and a fool’s voice is known by multitude of words. 5:4 When thou vowest a vow unto God, defer not to pay it; for he hath no pleasure in fools: pay that which thou hast vowed. 5:5 Better is it that thou shouldest not vow, than that thou shouldest vow and not pay. 5:6 Suffer not thy mouth to cause thy flesh to sin; neither say thou before the angel, that it was an error: wherefore should God be angry at thy voice, and destroy the work of thine hands?
5:1 Guard your steps when you go to the house of God. Draw near to listen rather than to offer the sacrifice of fools, who do not know that they do wrong. 5:2 Do not be quick to speak, and do not be hasty in your heart to utter a word before God. After all, God is in heaven and you are on earth. So let your words be few. 5:3 As a dream comes through many cares, so the speech of a fool comes with many words. 5:4 When you make a vow to God, do not delay in fulfilling it, because He takes no pleasure in fools. Fulfill your vow. 5:5 It is better not to vow than to make a vow and not fulfill it. 5:6 Do not let your mouth cause your flesh to sin, and do not tell the messenger that your vow was a mistake. Why should God be angry with your words and destroy the work of your hands?
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h. Psalms 123:1–2; 42:5, 8; 43:3–5
Psalm 123:1–2
123:1 Unto thee lift I up mine eyes, O thou that dwellest in the heavens. 123:2 Behold, as the eyes of servants look unto the hand of their masters, and as the eyes of a maiden unto the hand of her mistress; so our eyes wait upon the Lord our God, until that he have mercy upon us.
123:1 A song of ascents. I lift up my eyes to You, the One enthroned in heaven. 123:2 As the eyes of servants look to the hand of their master, as the eyes of a maidservant look to the hand of her mistress, so our eyes are on the LORD our God until He shows us mercy.
Psalm 42:5; Psalm 42:8
42:5 Why art thou cast down, O my soul? and why art thou disquieted in me? hope thou in God: for I shall yet praise him for the help of his countenance. 42:8 Yet the Lord will command his lovingkindness in the daytime, and in the night his song shall be with me, and my prayer unto the God of my life.
42:5 Why are you downcast, O my soul? Why the unease within me? Put your hope in God, for I will yet praise Him for the salvation of His presence. 42:8 The LORD decrees His loving devotion by day, and at night His song is with me as a prayer to the God of my life.
Psalm 43:3–5
43:3 O send out thy light and thy truth: let them lead me; let them bring me unto thy holy hill, and to thy tabernacles. 43:4 Then will I go unto the altar of God, unto God my exceeding joy: yea, upon the harp will I praise thee, O God my God. 43:5 Why art thou cast down, O my soul? and why art thou disquieted within me? hope in God: for I shall yet praise him, who is the health of my countenance, and my God.
43:3 Send out Your light and Your truth; let them lead me. Let them bring me to Your holy mountain, and to the place where You dwell. 43:4 Then I will go to the altar of God, to God, my greatest joy. I will praise You with the harp, O God, my God. 43:5 Why are you downcast, O my soul? Why the unease within me? Put your hope in God, for I will yet praise Him, my Savior and my God.
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i. 2 Chronicles 30:18–19
2 Chronicles 30:18–19
30:18 For a multitude of the people, even many of Ephraim, and Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun, had not cleansed themselves, yet did they eat the passover otherwise than it was written. But Hezekiah prayed for them, saying, The good Lord pardon every one 30:19 That prepareth his heart to seek God, the Lord God of his fathers, though he be not cleansed according to the purification of the sanctuary.
30:18 A large number of the people-many from Ephraim, Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun-had not purified themselves, yet they ate the Passover, contrary to what was written. But Hezekiah interceded for them, saying, "May the LORD, who is good, provide atonement for everyone 30:19 who sets his heart on seeking God-the LORD, the God of his fathers-even if he is not cleansed according to the purification rules of the sanctuary."
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j. 2 Corinthians 7:11; 1 Chronicles 15:12–14
2 Corinthians 7:11
7:11 For behold this selfsame thing, that ye sorrowed after a godly sort, what carefulness it wrought in you, yea, what clearing of yourselves, yea, what indignation, yea, what fear, yea, what vehement desire, yea, what zeal, yea, what revenge! In all things ye have approved yourselves to be clear in this matter.
7:11 Consider what this godly sorrow has produced in you: what earnestness, what eagerness to clear yourselves, what indignation, what alarm, what longing, what zeal, what vindication! In every way you have proved yourselves to be innocent in this matter.
1 Chronicles 15:12–14
15:12 And said unto them, Ye are the chief of the fathers of the Levites: sanctify yourselves, both ye and your brethren, that ye may bring up the ark of the Lord God of Israel unto the place that I have prepared for it. 15:13 For because ye did it not at the first, the Lord our God made a breach upon us, for that we sought him not after the due order. 15:14 So the priests and the Levites sanctified themselves to bring up the ark of the Lord God of Israel.
15:12 And he said to them, "You are the heads of the Levitical families. You and your relatives must consecrate yourselves so that you may bring the ark of the LORD, the God of Israel, to the place I have prepared for it. 15:13 It was because you Levites were not with us the first time that the LORD our God burst forth in anger against us. For we did not consult Him about the proper order." 15:14 So the priests and Levites consecrated themselves to bring up the ark of the LORD, the God of Israel.
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