Westminster Larger Catechism (1647), Westminster Assembly

Question 110

What are the reasons annexed to the second commandment, the more to enforce it?

The reasons annexed to the second commandment, the more to enforce it, contained in these words, For I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments;a are, besides God’s sovereignty over us, and propriety in us,b his fervent zeal for his own worship,c and his revengeful indignation against all false worship, as being a spiritual whoredom;d accounting the breakers of this commandment such as hate him, and threatening to punish them unto divers generations;e and esteeming the observers of it such as love him and keep his commandments, and promising mercy to them unto many generations.f

What are the reasons annexed to the second commandment, the more to enforce it?

The reasons annexed to the second commandment, the more to enforce it, contained in these words, For I the Lord your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments;a are, besides God’s sovereignty over us, and propriety in us,b his fervent zeal for his own worship,c and his revengeful indignation against all false worship, as being a spiritual whoredom;d accounting the breakers of this commandment such as hate him, and threatening to punish them unto various generations;e and esteeming the observers of it such as love him and keep his commandments, and promising mercy to them unto many generations.f

  1. a. Exodus 20:5–6

    Exodus 20:5–6

    20:5 Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; 20:6 And shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.

    20:5 You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on their children to the third and fourth generations of those who hate Me, 20:6 but showing loving devotion to a thousand generations of those who love Me and keep My commandments.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  2. b. Psalm 45:11; Revelation 15:3–4

    Psalm 45:11

    45:11 So shall the king greatly desire thy beauty: for he is thy Lord; and worship thou him.

    45:11 and the king will desire your beauty; bow to him, for he is your lord.

    Revelation 15:3–4

    15:3 And they sing the song of Moses the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying, Great and marvellous are thy works, Lord God Almighty; just and true are thy ways, thou King of saints. 15:4 Who shall not fear thee, O Lord, and glorify thy name? for thou only art holy: for all nations shall come and worship before thee; for thy judgments are made manifest.

    15:3 and they sang the song of God's servant Moses and of the Lamb: "Great and wonderful are Your works, O Lord God Almighty! Just and true are Your ways, O King of the nations! 15:4 Who will not fear You, O Lord, and glorify Your name? For You alone are holy. All nations will come and worship before You, for Your righteous acts have been revealed."

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  3. c. Exodus 34:13–14

    Exodus 34:13–14

    34:13 But ye shall destroy their altars, break their images, and cut down their groves: 34:14 For thou shalt worship no other god: for the Lord, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God:

    34:13 Rather, you must tear down their altars, smash their sacred stones, and chop down their Asherah poles. 34:14 For you must not worship any other god, for the LORD, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  4. d. 1 Corinthians 10:20–22; Deuteronomy 32:16–20

    1 Corinthians 10:20–22

    10:20 But I say, that the things which the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to devils, and not to God: and I would not that ye should have fellowship with devils. 10:21 Ye cannot drink the cup of the Lord, and the cup of devils: ye cannot be partakers of the Lord’s table, and of the table of devils. 10:22 Do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? are we stronger than he?

    10:20 No, but the sacrifices of pagans are offered to demons, not to God. And I do not want you to be participants with demons. 10:21 You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons too; you cannot partake in the table of the Lord and the table of demons too. 10:22 Are we trying to provoke the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than He?

    Deuteronomy 32:16–20

    32:16 They provoked him to jealousy with strange gods, with abominations provoked they him to anger. 32:17 They sacrificed unto devils, not to God; to gods whom they knew not, to new gods that came newly up, whom your fathers feared not. 32:18 Of the Rock that begat thee thou art unmindful, and hast forgotten God that formed thee. 32:19 And when the Lord saw it, he abhorred them, because of the provoking of his sons, and of his daughters. 32:20 And he said, I will hide my face from them, I will see what their end shall be: for they are a very froward generation, children in whom is no faith.

    32:16 They provoked His jealousy with foreign gods; they enraged Him with abominations. 32:17 They sacrificed to demons, not to God, to gods they had not known, to newly arrived gods, which your fathers did not fear. 32:18 You ignored the Rock who brought you forth; you forgot the God who gave you birth. 32:19 When the LORD saw this, He rejected them, provoked to anger by His sons and daughters. 32:20 He said: "I will hide My face from them; I will see what will be their end. For they are a perverse generation-children of unfaithfulness.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  5. e. Hosea 2:2–4

    Hosea 2:2–4

    2:2 Plead with your mother, plead: for she is not my wife, neither am I her husband: let her therefore put away her whoredoms out of her sight, and her adulteries from between her breasts; 2:3 Lest I strip her naked, and set her as in the day that she was born, and make her as a wilderness, and set her like a dry land, and slay her with thirst. 2:4 And I will not have mercy upon her children; for they be the children of whoredoms.

    2:2 Rebuke your mother, rebuke her, for she is not My wife, and I am not her husband. Let her remove the adultery from her face and the unfaithfulness from between her breasts. 2:3 Otherwise, I will strip her naked and expose her like the day of her birth. I will make her like a desert and turn her into a parched land, and I will let her die of thirst. 2:4 I will have no compassion on her children, because they are the children of adultery.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  6. f. Deuteronomy 5:29

    Deuteronomy 5:29

    5:29 O that there were such an heart in them, that they would fear me, and keep all my commandments always, that it might be well with them, and with their children for ever!

    5:29 If only they had such a heart to fear Me and keep all My commandments always, so that it might be well with them and with their children forever.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

Related (2)

The Baptist Catechism (1695), parallel to this question

Question 57

What are the reasons annexed to the second commandment?

The reasons annexed to the second commandment are, God’s sovereignty over us, his propriety in us, and the zeal he hath to his own worship.

Westminster Shorter Catechism (1647), parallel to this question

Question 52

What are the reasons annexed to the second commandment?

The reasons annexed to the second commandment are, God’s sovereignty over us, his propriety in us, and the zeal he hath to his own worship.

Commentaries (9)