Westminster Larger Catechism (1647), Westminster Assembly

Question 78

Whence ariseth the imperfection of sanctification in believers?

The imperfection of sanctification in believers ariseth from the remnants of sin abiding in every part of them, and the perpetual lustings of the flesh against the spirit; whereby they are often foiled with temptations, and fall into many sins,a are hindered in all their spiritual services,b and their best works are imperfect and defiled in the sight of God.c

Whence arises the imperfection of sanctification in believers?

The imperfection of sanctification in believers arises from the remnants of sin abiding in every part of them, and the perpetual lustings of the flesh against the spirit; whereby they are often foiled with temptations, and fall into many sins,a are hindered in all their spiritual services,b and their best works are imperfect and defiled in the sight of God.c

  1. a. Romans 7:18, 23; Mark 14:66; Galatians 2:11–12

    Romans 7:18; Romans 7:23

    7:18 For I know that in me (that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me; but how to perform that which is good I find not. 7:23 But I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members.

    7:18 I know that nothing good lives in me, that is, in my flesh; for I have the desire to do what is good, but I cannot carry it out. 7:23 But I see another law at work in my body, warring against the law of my mind and holding me captive to the law of sin that dwells within me.

    Mark 14:66

    14:66 And as Peter was beneath in the palace, there cometh one of the maids of the high priest:

    14:66 While Peter was in the courtyard below, one of the servant girls of the high priest came down

    Galatians 2:11–12

    2:11 But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed. 2:12 For before that certain came from James, he did eat with the Gentiles: but when they were come, he withdrew and separated himself, fearing them which were of the circumcision.

    2:11 When Cephas came to Antioch, however, I opposed him to his face, because he stood to be condemned. 2:12 For before certain men came from James, he used to eat with the Gentiles. But when they arrived, he began to draw back and separate himself, for fear of those in the circumcision group.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  2. b. Hebrews 12:1

    Hebrews 12:1

    12:1 Wherefore seeing we also are compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which doth so easily beset us, and let us run with patience the race that is set before us,

    12:1 Therefore, since we are surrounded by such a great cloud of witnesses, let us throw off every encumbrance and the sin that so easily entangles, and let us run with endurance the race set out for us.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  3. c. Isaiah 64:6; Exodus 28:38

    Isaiah 64:6

    64:6 But we are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags; and we all do fade as a leaf; and our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away.

    64:6 Each of us has become like something unclean, and all our righteous acts are like filthy rags; we all wither like a leaf, and our iniquities carry us away like the wind.

    Exodus 28:38

    28:38 And it shall be upon Aaron’s forehead, that Aaron may bear the iniquity of the holy things, which the children of Israel shall hallow in all their holy gifts; and it shall be always upon his forehead, that they may be accepted before the Lord.

    28:38 And it will be worn on Aaron's forehead, so that he may bear the iniquity of the holy things that the sons of Israel consecrate with regard to all their holy gifts. It shall always be on his forehead, so that they may be acceptable before the LORD.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

Related (1)

Westminster Shorter Catechism (1647), parallel to this question

Question 35

What is sanctification?

Sanctification is the work of God’s free grace whereby we are renewed in the whole man after the image of God and are enabled more and more to die unto sin, and live unto righteousness.

Commentaries (8)