Westminster Larger Catechism (1647), Westminster Assembly

Question 124

Who are meant by father and mother in the fifth commandment?

By father and mother, in the fifth commandment, are meant, not only natural parents,a but all superiors in ageb and gifts;c and especially such as, by God’s ordinance, are over us in place of authority, whether in family,d church,e or commonwealth.f

Who are meant by father and mother in the fifth commandment?

By father and mother, in the fifth commandment, are meant, not only natural parents,a but all superiors in ageb and gifts;c and especially such as, by God’s ordinance, are over us in place of authority, whether in family,d church,e or commonwealth.f

  1. a. Proverbs 23:22, 25; Ephesians 6:1–2

    Proverbs 23:22; Proverbs 23:25

    23:22 Hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not thy mother when she is old. 23:25 Thy father and thy mother shall be glad, and she that bare thee shall rejoice.

    23:22 Listen to your father who gave you life, and do not despise your mother when she is old. 23:25 May your father and mother be glad, and may she who gave you birth rejoice!

    Ephesians 6:1–2

    6:1 Children, obey your parents in the Lord: for this is right. 6:2 Honour thy father and mother; (which is the first commandment with promise;)

    6:1 Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. 6:2 "Honor your father and mother" (which is the first commandment with a promise),

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  2. b. 1 Timothy 5:1–2

    1 Timothy 5:1–2

    5:1 Rebuke not an elder, but intreat him as a father; and the younger men as brethren; 5:2 The elder women as mothers; the younger as sisters, with all purity.

    5:1 Do not rebuke an older man, but appeal to him as to a father. Treat younger men as brothers, 5:2 older women as mothers, and younger women as sisters, with absolute purity.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  3. c. Genesis 4:20–22; 45:8

    Genesis 4:20–22

    4:20 And Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of such as have cattle. 4:21 And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ. 4:22 And Zillah, she also bare Tubal–cain, an instructer of every artificer in brass and iron: and the sister of Tubal–cain was Naamah.

    4:20 Adah gave birth to Jabal; he was the father of those who dwell in tents and raise livestock. 4:21 And his brother's name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play the harp and flute. 4:22 And Zillah gave birth to Tubal-cain, a forger of every implement of bronze and iron. And the sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah.

    Genesis 45:8

    45:8 So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God: and he hath made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and a ruler throughout all the land of Egypt.

    45:8 Therefore it was not you who sent me here, but God, who has made me a father to Pharaoh-lord of all his household and ruler over all the land of Egypt.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  4. d. 2 Kings 5:13

    2 Kings 5:13

    5:13 And his servants came near, and spake unto him, and said, My father, if the prophet had bid thee do some great thing, wouldest thou not have done it? how much rather then, when he saith to thee, Wash, and be clean?

    5:13 Naaman's servants, however, approached him and said, "My father, if the prophet had told you to do some great thing, would you not have done it? How much more, then, when he tells you, 'Wash and be cleansed'?"

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  5. e. 2 Kings 2:12; 13:14; Galatians 4:19

    2 Kings 2:12

    2:12 And Elisha saw it, and he cried, My father, my father, the chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof. And he saw him no more: and he took hold of his own clothes, and rent them in two pieces.

    2:12 As Elisha watched, he cried out, "My father, my father, the chariots and horsemen of Israel!" And he saw Elijah no more. So taking hold of his own clothes, he tore them in two.

    2 Kings 13:14

    13:14 Now Elisha was fallen sick of his sickness whereof he died. And Joash the king of Israel came down unto him, and wept over his face, and said, O my father, my father, the chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof.

    13:14 When Elisha had fallen sick with the illness from which he would die, Jehoash king of Israel came down to him and wept over him, saying, "My father, my father, the chariots and horsemen of Israel!"

    Galatians 4:19

    4:19 My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you,

    4:19 My children, for whom I am again in the pains of childbirth until Christ is formed in you,

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  6. f. Isaiah 49:23

    Isaiah 49:23

    49:23 And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers: they shall bow down to thee with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I am the Lord: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me.

    49:23 Kings will be your foster fathers, and their queens your nursing mothers. They will bow to you facedown and lick the dust at your feet. Then you will know that I am the LORD; those who hope in Me will never be put to shame."

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

Related (1)

Westminster Shorter Catechism (1647), parallel to this question

Question 64

What is required in the fifth commandment?

The fifth commandment requireth the preserving the honor, and performing the duties, belonging to every one in their several places and relations, as superiors, inferiors, or equals.

Commentaries (8)