Westminster Larger Catechism (1647), Westminster Assembly

Question 129

What is required of superiors towards their inferiors?

It is required of superiors, according to that power they receive from God, and that relation wherein they stand, to love,a pray for,b and bless their inferiors;c to instruct,d counsel, and admonish them;e countenancing,f commending,g and rewarding such as do well;h and discountenancing,i reproving, and chastising such as do ill;j protecting,k and providing for them all things necessary for soull and body:m and by grave, wise, holy, and exemplary carriage, to procure glory to God,n honor to themselves,o and so to preserve that authority which God hath put upon them.p

What is required of superiors towards their inferiors?

It is required of superiors, according to that power they receive from God, and that relation wherein they stand, to love,a pray for,b and bless their inferiors;c to instruct,d counsel, and admonish them;e countenancing,f commending,g and rewarding such as do well;h and discountenancing,i reproving, and chastising such as do ill;j protecting,k and providing for them all things necessary for soull and body:m and by grave, wise, holy, and exemplary carriage, to procure glory to God,n honor to themselves,o and so to preserve that authority which God has put upon them.p

  1. a. Colossians 3:19; Titus 2:4

    Colossians 3:19

    3:19 Husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them.

    3:19 Husbands, love your wives and do not be harsh with them.

    Titus 2:4

    2:4 That they may teach the young women to be sober, to love their husbands, to love their children,

    2:4 In this way they can train the young women to love their husbands and children,

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  2. b. 1 Samuel 12:23; Job 1:5

    1 Samuel 12:23

    12:23 Moreover as for me, God forbid that I should sin against the Lord in ceasing to pray for you: but I will teach you the good and the right way:

    12:23 As for me, far be it from me that I should sin against the LORD by ceasing to pray for you. And I will continue to teach you the good and right way.

    Job 1:5

    1:5 And it was so, when the days of their feasting were gone about, that Job sent and sanctified them, and rose up early in the morning, and offered burnt offerings according to the number of them all: for Job said, It may be that my sons have sinned, and cursed God in their hearts. Thus did Job continually.

    1:5 And when the days of feasting were over, Job would send for his children to purify them, rising early in the morning to offer burnt offerings for all of them. For Job thought, "Perhaps my children have sinned and cursed God in their hearts." This was Job's regular practice.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  3. c. 1 Kings 8:55–56; Hebrews 7:7; Genesis 49:28

    1 Kings 8:55–56

    8:55 And he stood, and blessed all the congregation of Israel with a loud voice, saying, 8:56 Blessed be the Lord, that hath given rest unto his people Israel, according to all that he promised: there hath not failed one word of all his good promise, which he promised by the hand of Moses his servant.

    8:55 And he stood and blessed the whole assembly of Israel in a loud voice, saying: 8:56 "Blessed be the LORD, who has given rest to His people Israel according to all that He promised. Not one word has failed of all the good promises He made through His servant Moses.

    Hebrews 7:7

    7:7 And without all contradiction the less is blessed of the better.

    7:7 And indisputably, the lesser is blessed by the greater.

    Genesis 49:28

    49:28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: and this is it that their father spake unto them, and blessed them; every one according to his blessing he blessed them.

    49:28 These are the tribes of Israel, twelve in all, and this was what their father said to them. He blessed them, and he blessed each one with a suitable blessing.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  4. d. Deuteronomy 6:6–7

    Deuteronomy 6:6–7

    6:6 And these words, which I command thee this day, shall be in thine heart: 6:7 And thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thine house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest up.

    6:6 These words I am commanding you today are to be upon your hearts. 6:7 And you shall teach them diligently to your children and speak of them when you sit at home and when you walk along the road, when you lie down and when you get up.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  5. e. Ephesians 6:4

    Ephesians 6:4

    6:4 And, ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath: but bring them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord.

    6:4 Fathers, do not provoke your children to wrath; instead, bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  6. f. 1 Peter 3:7

    1 Peter 3:7

    3:7 Likewise, ye husbands, dwell with them according to knowledge, giving honour unto the wife, as unto the weaker vessel, and as being heirs together of the grace of life; that your prayers be not hindered.

    3:7 Husbands, in the same way, treat your wives with consideration as a delicate vessel, and with honor as fellow heirs of the gracious gift of life, so that your prayers will not be hindered.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  7. g. 1 Peter 2:14; Romans 13:3

    1 Peter 2:14

    2:14 Or unto governors, as unto them that are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of them that do well.

    2:14 or to governors as those sent by him to punish those who do wrong and to praise those who do right.

    Romans 13:3

    13:3 For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil. Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and thou shalt have praise of the same:

    13:3 For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Do you want to be unafraid of the one in authority? Then do what is right, and you will have his approval.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  8. h. Esther 6:3

    Esther 6:3

    6:3 And the king said, What honour and dignity hath been done to Mordecai for this? Then said the king’s servants that ministered unto him, There is nothing done for him.

    6:3 The king inquired, "What honor or dignity has been bestowed on Mordecai for this act?" "Nothing has been done for him," replied the king's attendants.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  9. i. Romans 13:3–4

    Romans 13:3–4

    13:3 For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil. Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and thou shalt have praise of the same: 13:4 For he is the minister of God to thee for good. But if thou do that which is evil, be afraid; for he beareth not the sword in vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil.

    13:3 For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Do you want to be unafraid of the one in authority? Then do what is right, and you will have his approval. 13:4 For he is God's servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not carry the sword in vain. He is God's servant, an agent of retribution to the wrongdoer.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  10. j. Proverbs 29:15; 1 Peter 2:14

    Proverbs 29:15

    29:15 The rod and reproof give wisdom: but a child left to himself bringeth his mother to shame.

    29:15 A rod of correction imparts wisdom, but a child left to himself disgraces his mother.

    1 Peter 2:14

    2:14 Or unto governors, as unto them that are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of them that do well.

    2:14 or to governors as those sent by him to punish those who do wrong and to praise those who do right.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  11. k. Job 29:13–16; Isaiah 1:10, 17

    Job 29:13–16

    29:13 The blessing of him that was ready to perish came upon me: and I caused the widow’s heart to sing for joy. 29:14 I put on righteousness, and it clothed me: my judgment was as a robe and a diadem. 29:15 I was eyes to the blind, and feet was I to the lame. 29:16 I was a father to the poor: and the cause which I knew not I searched out.

    29:13 The dying man blessed me, and I made the widow's heart sing for joy. 29:14 I put on righteousness, and it clothed me; justice was my robe and my turban. 29:15 I served as eyes to the blind and as feet to the lame. 29:16 I was a father to the needy, and I took up the case of the stranger.

    Isaiah 1:10; Isaiah 1:17

    1:10 Hear the word of the Lord, ye rulers of Sodom; give ear unto the law of our God, ye people of Gomorrah. 1:17 Learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow.

    1:10 Hear the word of the LORD, you rulers of Sodom; listen to the instruction of our God, you people of Gomorrah! 1:17 Learn to do right; seek justice and correct the oppressor. Defend the fatherless and plead the case of the widow."

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  12. l. Ephesians 6:4

    Ephesians 6:4

    6:4 And, ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath: but bring them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord.

    6:4 Fathers, do not provoke your children to wrath; instead, bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  13. m. 1 Timothy 5:8

    1 Timothy 5:8

    5:8 But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel.

    5:8 If anyone does not provide for his own, and especially his own household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  14. n. 1 Timothy 4:12; Titus 2:3–5

    1 Timothy 4:12

    4:12 Let no man despise thy youth; but be thou an example of the believers, in word, in conversation, in charity, in spirit, in faith, in purity.

    4:12 Let no one despise your youth, but set an example for the believers in speech, in conduct, in love, in faith, in purity.

    Titus 2:3–5

    2:3 The aged women likewise, that they be in behaviour as becometh holiness, not false accusers, not given to much wine, teachers of good things; 2:4 That they may teach the young women to be sober, to love their husbands, to love their children, 2:5 To be discreet, chaste, keepers at home, good, obedient to their own husbands, that the word of God be not blasphemed.

    2:3 Older women, likewise, are to be reverent in their behavior, not slanderers or addicted to much wine, but teachers of good. 2:4 In this way they can train the young women to love their husbands and children, 2:5 to be self-controlled, pure, managers of their households, kind, and submissive to their own husbands, so that the word of God will not be discredited.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  15. o. 1 Kings 3:28

    1 Kings 3:28

    3:28 And all Israel heard of the judgment which the king had judged; and they feared the king: for they saw that the wisdom of God was in him, to do judgment.

    3:28 When all Israel heard of the judgment the king had given, they stood in awe of him, for they saw that the wisdom of God was in him to administer justice.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  16. p. Titus 2:15

    Titus 2:15

    2:15 These things speak, and exhort, and rebuke with all authority. Let no man despise thee.

    2:15 Speak these things as you encourage and rebuke with all authority. Let no one despise you.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

Related (2)

The Baptist Catechism (1695), parallel to this question

Question 69

What is required in the fifth commandment?

The fifth commandment requireth the preserving the honour and performing the duties belonging to every one in their several places and relations, as superiors, inferiors, or equals.

Westminster Shorter Catechism (1647), parallel to this question

Question 64

What is required in the fifth commandment?

The fifth commandment requireth the preserving the honor, and performing the duties, belonging to every one in their several places and relations, as superiors, inferiors, or equals.

Commentaries (9)