Westminster Larger Catechism (1647), Westminster Assembly

Question 121

Why is the word Remember set in the beginning of the fourth commandment?

The word Remember is set in the beginning of the fourth commandment,a partly, because of the great benefit of remembering it, we being thereby helped in our preparation to keep it,b and, in keeping it, better to keep all the rest of the commandments,c and to continue a thankful remembrance of the two great benefits of creation and redemption, which contain a short abridgment of religion;d and partly, because we are very ready to forget it,e for that there is less light of nature for it,f and yet it restraineth our natural liberty in things at other times lawful;g that it cometh but once in seven days, and many worldly businesses come between, and too often take off our minds from thinking of it, either to prepare for it, or to sanctify it;h and that Satan with his instruments much labor to blot out the glory, and even the memory of it, to bring in all irreligion and impiety.i

Why is the word Remember set in the beginning of the fourth commandment?

The word Remember is set in the beginning of the fourth commandment,a partly, because of the great benefit of remembering it, we being thereby helped in our preparation to keep it,b and, in keeping it, better to keep all the rest of the commandments,c and to continue a thankful remembrance of the two great benefits of creation and redemption, which contain a short abridgment of religion;d and partly, because we are very ready to forget it,e for that there is less light of nature for it,f and yet it restrains our natural liberty in things at other times lawful;g that it comes but once in seven days, and many worldly businesses come between, and too often take off our minds from thinking of it, either to prepare for it, or to sanctify it;h and that Satan with his instruments much labor to blot out the glory, and even the memory of it, to bring in all irreligion and impiety.i

  1. a. Exodus 20:8

    Exodus 20:8

    20:8 Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.

    20:8 Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  2. b. Exodus 16:23; Luke 23:54, 56; Nehemiah 13:19

    Exodus 16:23

    16:23 And he said unto them, This is that which the Lord hath said, To morrow is the rest of the holy sabbath unto the Lord: bake that which ye will bake to day, and seethe that ye will seethe; and that which remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.

    16:23 He told them, "This is what the LORD has said: 'Tomorrow is to be a day of complete rest, a holy Sabbath to the LORD. So bake what you want to bake, and boil what you want to boil. Then set aside whatever remains and keep it until morning.'"

    Luke 23:54; Luke 23:56

    23:54 And that day was the preparation, and the sabbath drew on. 23:56 And they returned, and prepared spices and ointments; and rested the sabbath day according to the commandment.

    23:54 It was Preparation Day, and the Sabbath was beginning. 23:56 Then they returned to prepare spices and perfumes. And they rested on the Sabbath, according to the commandment.

    Nehemiah 13:19

    13:19 And it came to pass, that when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the sabbath, I commanded that the gates should be shut, and charged that they should not be opened till after the sabbath: and some of my servants set I at the gates, that there should no burden be brought in on the sabbath day.

    13:19 When the evening shadows began to fall on the gates of Jerusalem, just before the Sabbath, I ordered that the gates be shut and not opened until after the Sabbath. I posted some of my servants at the gates so that no load could enter on the Sabbath day.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  3. c. Psalm 92; Ezekiel 20:12, 19–20

    Psalm 92

    92:1 It is a good thing to give thanks unto the Lord, and to sing praises unto thy name, O most High: 92:2 To shew forth thy lovingkindness in the morning, and thy faithfulness every night, 92:3 Upon an instrument of ten strings, and upon the psaltery; upon the harp with a solemn sound. 92:4 For thou, Lord, hast made me glad through thy work: I will triumph in the works of thy hands. 92:5 O Lord, how great are thy works! and thy thoughts are very deep. 92:6 A brutish man knoweth not; neither doth a fool understand this. 92:7 When the wicked spring as the grass, and when all the workers of iniquity do flourish; it is that they shall be destroyed for ever: 92:8 But thou, Lord, art most high for evermore. 92:9 For, lo, thine enemies, O Lord, for, lo, thine enemies shall perish; all the workers of iniquity shall be scattered. 92:10 But my horn shalt thou exalt like the horn of an unicorn: I shall be anointed with fresh oil. 92:11 Mine eye also shall see my desire on mine enemies, and mine ears shall hear my desire of the wicked that rise up against me. 92:12 The righteous shall flourish like the palm tree: he shall grow like a cedar in Lebanon. 92:13 Those that be planted in the house of the Lord shall flourish in the courts of our God. 92:14 They shall still bring forth fruit in old age; they shall be fat and flourishing; 92:15 To shew that the Lord is upright: he is my rock, and there is no unrighteousness in him.

    92:1 A Psalm. A song for the Sabbath day. It is good to praise the LORD, and to sing praises to Your name, O Most High, 92:2 to proclaim Your loving devotion in the morning and Your faithfulness at night 92:3 with the ten-stringed harp and the melody of the lyre. 92:4 For You, O LORD, have made me glad by Your deeds; I sing for joy at the works of Your hands. 92:5 How great are Your works, O LORD, how deep are Your thoughts! 92:6 A senseless man does not know, and a fool does not understand, 92:7 that though the wicked sprout like grass, and all evildoers flourish, they will be forever destroyed. 92:8 But You, O LORD, are exalted forever! 92:9 For surely Your enemies, O LORD, surely Your enemies will perish; all evildoers will be scattered. 92:10 But You have exalted my horn like that of a wild ox; with fine oil I have been anointed. 92:11 My eyes see the downfall of my enemies; my ears hear the wailing of my wicked foes. 92:12 The righteous will flourish like a palm tree, and grow like a cedar in Lebanon. 92:13 Planted in the house of the LORD, they will flourish in the courts of our God. 92:14 In old age they will still bear fruit; healthy and green they will remain, 92:15 to proclaim, "The LORD is upright; He is my Rock, and in Him there is no unrighteousness."

    Ezekiel 20:12; Ezekiel 20:19–20

    20:12 Moreover also I gave them my sabbaths, to be a sign between me and them, that they might know that I am the Lord that sanctify them. 20:19 I am the Lord your God; walk in my statutes, and keep my judgments, and do them; 20:20 And hallow my sabbaths; and they shall be a sign between me and you, that ye may know that I am the Lord your God.

    20:12 I also gave them My Sabbaths as a sign between us, so that they would know that I am the LORD who sanctifies them. 20:19 I am the LORD your God; walk in My statutes, keep My ordinances, and practice them. 20:20 Keep My Sabbaths holy, that they may be a sign between us, so that you may know that I am the LORD your God.'

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  4. d. Genesis 2:2–3; Psalm 118:22, 24; Acts 4:10–11; Revelation 1:10

    Genesis 2:2–3

    2:2 And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made. 2:3 And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it: because that in it he had rested from all his work which God created and made.

    2:2 And by the seventh day God had finished the work He had been doing; so on that day He rested from all His work. 2:3 Then God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, because on that day He rested from all the work of creation that He had accomplished.

    Psalm 118:22; Psalm 118:24

    118:22 The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone of the corner. 118:24 This is the day which the Lord hath made; we will rejoice and be glad in it.

    118:22 The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. 118:24 This is the day that the LORD has made; we will rejoice and be glad in it.

    Acts 4:10–11

    4:10 Be it known unto you all, and to all the people of Israel, that by the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom ye crucified, whom God raised from the dead, even by him doth this man stand here before you whole. 4:11 This is the stone which was set at nought of you builders, which is become the head of the corner.

    4:10 then let this be known to all of you and to all the people of Israel: It is by the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom you crucified but whom God raised from the dead, that this man stands before you healed. 4:11 This Jesus is 'the stone you builders rejected, which has become the cornerstone.'

    Revelation 1:10

    1:10 I was in the Spirit on the Lord’s day, and heard behind me a great voice, as of a trumpet,

    1:10 On the Lord's day I was in the Spirit, and I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet,

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  5. e. Ezekiel 22:26

    Ezekiel 22:26

    22:26 Her priests have violated my law, and have profaned mine holy things: they have put no difference between the holy and profane, neither have they shewed difference between the unclean and the clean, and have hid their eyes from my sabbaths, and I am profaned among them.

    22:26 Her priests do violence to My law and profane My holy things. They make no distinction between the holy and the common, and they fail to distinguish between the clean and the unclean. They disregard My Sabbaths, so that I am profaned among them.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  6. f. Nehemiah 9:14

    Nehemiah 9:14

    9:14 And madest known unto them thy holy sabbath, and commandedst them precepts, statutes, and laws, by the hand of Moses thy servant:

    9:14 You revealed to them Your holy Sabbath and gave them commandments and statutes and laws through Your servant Moses.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  7. g. Exodus 34:21

    Exodus 34:21

    34:21 Six days thou shalt work, but on the seventh day thou shalt rest: in earing time and in harvest thou shalt rest.

    34:21 Six days you shall labor, but on the seventh day you shall rest; even in the seasons of plowing and harvesting, you must rest.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  8. h. Deuteronomy 5:14–15; Amos 8:5

    Deuteronomy 5:14–15

    5:14 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thine ox, nor thine ass, nor any of thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates; that thy manservant and thy maidservant may rest as well as thou. 5:15 And remember that thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt, and that the Lord thy God brought thee out thence through a mighty hand and by a stretched out arm: therefore the Lord thy God commanded thee to keep the sabbath day.

    5:14 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God, on which you must not do any work-neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your manservant or maidservant, nor your ox or donkey or any of your livestock, nor the foreigner within your gates, so that your manservant and maidservant may rest as you do. 5:15 Remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and that the LORD your God brought you out of there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. That is why the LORD your God has commanded you to keep the Sabbath day.

    Amos 8:5

    8:5 Saying, When will the new moon be gone, that we may sell corn? and the sabbath, that we may set forth wheat, making the ephah small, and the shekel great, and falsifying the balances by deceit?

    8:5 asking, "When will the New Moon be over, that we may sell grain? When will the Sabbath end, that we may market wheat? Let us reduce the ephah and increase the shekel; let us cheat with dishonest scales.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  9. i. Lamentations 1:7; Jeremiah 17:21–23; Nehemiah 13:15–22

    Lamentations 1:7

    1:7 Jerusalem remembered in the days of her affliction and of her miseries all her pleasant things that she had in the days of old, when her people fell into the hand of the enemy, and none did help her: the adversaries saw her, and did mock at her sabbaths.

    1:7 In the days of her affliction and wandering Jerusalem remembers all the treasures that were hers in days of old. When her people fell into enemy hands she received no help. Her enemies looked upon her, laughing at her downfall.

    Jeremiah 17:21–23

    17:21 Thus saith the Lord; Take heed to yourselves, and bear no burden on the sabbath day, nor bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem; 17:22 Neither carry forth a burden out of your houses on the sabbath day, neither do ye any work, but hallow ye the sabbath day, as I commanded your fathers. 17:23 But they obeyed not, neither inclined their ear, but made their neck stiff, that they might not hear, nor receive instruction.

    17:21 This is what the LORD says: Take heed for yourselves; do not carry a load or bring it through the gates of Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. 17:22 You must not carry a load out of your houses or do any work on the Sabbath day, but you must keep the Sabbath day holy, just as I commanded your forefathers. 17:23 Yet they would not listen or incline their ear, but they stiffened their necks and would not listen or receive My discipline.

    Nehemiah 13:15–22

    13:15 In those days saw I in Judah some treading wine presses on the sabbath, and bringing in sheaves, and lading asses; as also wine, grapes, and figs, and all manner of burdens, which they brought into Jerusalem on the sabbath day: and I testified against them in the day wherein they sold victuals. 13:16 There dwelt men of Tyre also therein, which brought fish, and all manner of ware, and sold on the sabbath unto the children of Judah, and in Jerusalem. 13:17 Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them, What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day? 13:18 Did not your fathers thus, and did not our God bring all this evil upon us, and upon this city? yet ye bring more wrath upon Israel by profaning the sabbath. 13:19 And it came to pass, that when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the sabbath, I commanded that the gates should be shut, and charged that they should not be opened till after the sabbath: and some of my servants set I at the gates, that there should no burden be brought in on the sabbath day. 13:20 So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice. 13:21 Then I testified against them, and said unto them, Why lodge ye about the wall? if ye do so again, I will lay hands on you. From that time forth came they no more on the sabbath. 13:22 And I commanded the Levites that they should cleanse themselves, and that they should come and keep the gates, to sanctify the sabbath day. Remember me, O my God, concerning this also, and spare me according to the greatness of thy mercy.

    13:15 In those days I saw people in Judah treading winepresses on the Sabbath and bringing in grain and loading it on donkeys, along with wine, grapes, and figs. All kinds of goods were being brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. So I warned them against selling food on that day. 13:16 Additionally, men of Tyre who lived there were importing fish and all kinds of merchandise and selling them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah in Jerusalem. 13:17 Then I rebuked the nobles of Judah and asked, "What is this evil you are doing-profaning the Sabbath day? 13:18 Did not your forefathers do the same things, so that our God brought all this disaster on us and on this city? And now you are rekindling His wrath against Israel by profaning the Sabbath!" 13:19 When the evening shadows began to fall on the gates of Jerusalem, just before the Sabbath, I ordered that the gates be shut and not opened until after the Sabbath. I posted some of my servants at the gates so that no load could enter on the Sabbath day. 13:20 Once or twice, the merchants and those who sell all kinds of goods camped outside Jerusalem, 13:21 but I warned them, "Why are you camping in front of the wall? If you do it again, I will lay hands on you." From that time on, they did not return on the Sabbath. 13:22 Then I instructed the Levites to purify themselves and guard the gates in order to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember me for this as well, O my God, and show me mercy according to Your abundant loving devotion.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

Related (1)

Westminster Shorter Catechism (1647), parallel to this question

Question 62

What are the reasons annexed to the fourth commandment?

The reasons annexed to the fourth commandment are, God’s allowing us six days of the week for our own employments, his challenging a special propriety in the seventh, his own example, and his blessing the sabbath day.

Commentaries (8)