Westminster Shorter Catechism (1647), Westminster Assembly

Question 98

What is prayer?

Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God,a for things agreeable to his will,b in the name of Christ,c with confession of our sins,d and thankful acknowledgement of his mercies.e

What is prayer?

Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God,a for things agreeable to his will,b in the name of Christ,c with confession of our sins,d and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies.e

  1. a. Psalm 62:8

    Psalm 62:8

    62:8 Trust in him at all times; ye people, pour out your heart before him: God is a refuge for us. Selah.

    62:8 Trust in Him at all times, O people; pour out your hearts before Him. God is our refuge. Selah

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  2. b. 1 John 5:14

    1 John 5:14

    5:14 And this is the confidence that we have in him, that, if we ask any thing according to his will, he heareth us:

    5:14 And this is the confidence that we have before Him: If we ask anything according to His will, He hears us.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  3. c. John 16:23

    John 16:23

    16:23 And in that day ye shall ask me nothing. Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whatsoever ye shall ask the Father in my name, he will give it you.

    16:23 In that day you will no longer ask Me anything. Truly, truly, I tell you, whatever you ask the Father in My name, He will give you.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  4. d. Psalm 32:5–6; Daniel 9:4

    Psalm 32:5–6

    32:5 I acknowledged my sin unto thee, and mine iniquity have I not hid. I said, I will confess my transgressions unto the Lord; and thou forgavest the iniquity of my sin. Selah. 32:6 For this shall every one that is godly pray unto thee in a time when thou mayest be found: surely in the floods of great waters they shall not come nigh unto him.

    32:5 Then I acknowledged my sin to You and did not hide my iniquity. I said, "I will confess my transgressions to the LORD," and You forgave the guilt of my sin. Selah 32:6 Therefore let all the godly pray to You while You may be found. Surely when great waters rise, they will not come near.

    Daniel 9:4

    9:4 And I prayed unto the Lord my God, and made my confession, and said, O Lord, the great and dreadful God, keeping the covenant and mercy to them that love him, and to them that keep his commandments;

    9:4 And I prayed to the LORD my God and confessed, "O, Lord, the great and awesome God, who keeps His covenant of loving devotion to those who love Him and keep His commandments,

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  5. e. Philippians 4:6

    Philippians 4:6

    4:6 Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God.

    4:6 Be anxious for nothing, but in everything, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

Diff style

Changes in The Baptist Catechism (1695), Question 105

The Baptist Catechism (1695), Question 105

What is prayer?

Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto to God, by the assistance of the Holy Spirit, for things agreeable to his will, in the name of Christ, believing, with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies.

Westminster Shorter Catechism (1647), Question 98

What is prayer?

Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God, for things agreeable to his will, in the name of Christ, with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgement of his mercies.

The Baptist Catechism (1695), Question 105

What is prayer?

Prayer is an offering up our desires to God, by the assistance of the Holy Spirit, for things agreeable to his will, in the name of Christ, believing, with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies.

The Baptist Catechism (1695), Question 105

What is prayer?

Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto to God, by the assistance of the Holy Spirit, for things agreeable to his will, in the name of Christ, believing, with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies.

Westminster Shorter Catechism (modernized) (1647), Question 98

What is prayer?

Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God, for things agreeable to his will, in the name of Christ, with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies.

The Baptist Catechism (1695), Question 105

What is prayer?

Prayer is an offering up our desires to God, by the assistance of the Holy Spirit, for things agreeable to his will, in the name of Christ, believing, with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies.

Related (5)

Westminster Larger Catechism (1647), parallel to this question

Question 178

What is prayer?

Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God, in the name of Christ, by the help of his Spirit; with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies.

Question 179

Are we to pray unto God only?

God only being able to search the hearts, hear the requests, pardon the sins, and fulfil the desires of all; and only to be believed in, and worshiped with religious worship; prayer, which is a special part thereof, is to be made by all to him alone, and to none other.

Question 180

What is it to pray in the name of Christ?

To pray in the name of Christ is, in obedience to his command, and in confidence on his promises, to ask mercy for his sake; not by bare mentioning of his name, but by drawing our encouragement to pray, and our boldness, strength, and hope of acceptance in prayer, from Christ and his mediation.

Question 181

Why are we to pray in the name of Christ?

The sinfulness of man, and his distance from God by reason thereof, being so great, as that we can have no access into his presence without a mediator; and there being none in heaven or earth appointed to, or fit for, that glorious work but Christ alone, we are to pray in no other name but his only.

Question 182

How doth the Spirit help us to pray?

We not knowing what to pray for as we ought, the Spirit helpeth our infirmities, by enabling us to understand both for whom, and what, and how prayer is to be made; and by working and quickening in our hearts (although not in all persons, nor at all times, in the same measure) those apprehensions, affections, and graces which are requisite for the right performance of that duty.

Commentaries (9)

  • Joseph Alleine, 1672, A Most Familiar Explanation of the Assemblies Shorter Catechism

    What is Prayer? Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God, for things agreeable to his will, in the Name of Christ, with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgment…

    Joseph Alleine’s text
  • Thomas Lye, 1672, The Assemblies Shorter Catechism Drawn out into Distinct Propositions

    What is Prayer? Prayer is an offering up of our desires to God for things agreeable to his will, in the name of Christ, with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgment of…

    Thomas Lye’s text
  • Thomas Vincent, 1673, An Explicatory Catechism

    What is Prayer? Prayer is an offering up of our desires to God, for things agreeable to his will, in the name of Christ, with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgment…

    Thomas Vincent’s text
  • 1675, An Explicatory Catechism

    What is Prayer? Prayer is an offering up of our desires to God for things agreeable to his Will, in the Name of Christ, with confession of our sins and thankful acknowledgement of…

    Its text
  • John Flavel, 1692, An Exposition of the Assembly’s Catechism

    What is Prayer? Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God for things agreeable to his Will, in the name of Christ, with confession of our sins and thankful acknowledgment…

    John Flavel’s text
  • Thomas Watson, 1692, A Body of Practical Divinity

    III. The Benefits of our Redemption are applyed to us by Prayer. Psalm 109.4. But I give my self to Prayer. I shall not expatiate upon Prayer at large, being to speak more fully…

    Thomas Watson’s text
  • Matthew Henry, 1703, A Scripture Catechism

    What is Prayer? Prayer is an offering up of our Desires to God for Things agreeable to his Will, in the Name of Christ, with Confession of our Sins, and thankful Acknowledgment of…

    Matthew Henry’s text
  • Alexander Whyte, 1883, A Commentary on the Shorter Catechism

    We come now to the subject of Prayer, the third and last of the three great Christian ordinances enumerated in Answer 88. As will be seen on examination, the structure of the…

    Alexander Whyte’s text
  • Benjamin Beddome, 1752, A Scriptural Exposition of the Baptist Catechism

    On The Baptist Catechism (1695), Question 105, which adapts this question

    Is prayer the duty of all men? Yes. Men ought always to pray, Is ejaculatory prayer a duty? Yes. So I prayed to the God of heaven, Is God the object of prayer? Yes. O thou that…

    Benjamin Beddome’s text